(Em Português abaixo)
Any article that starts a discussion of the Eurozone crisis by quoting Kindleberger should be not just read, but studied. A little economic history goes a long way to help understand the limited options to solve the current credit crisis.
Michael Pettis even points to the dangers of lack of a solid academic grounding in international finance:
These worries are shared by many of the commentators, who generally understand the danger of accumulating unsustainables imbalances, Here are some excerpts:
" Syriza’s victory in Greece has reignited the name-calling and moralizing that has characterized much of the discussion on peripheral Europe’s unsustainable debt burden. It is pretty clear, and obvious to almost everyone, that Greece simply cannot repay its external obligations, and one way or another it is going to receive substantial debt forgiveness. German newspaper Zeit‘s interview with Yanis Varoufakis was entitled “I’m the Finance Minister of a Bankrupt Country”.
"Even if the question of who is to “blame”, Greece or Germany, were an important one, the answer would not change the debt dynamics. It would take the equivalent of Ceausescu’s brutal austerity policies in Romania, which were imposed during the 1980s in order for the country fully to repay its external debt, in order to resolve the Greek debt burden without a write-down. Given that Ceausescu’s policies led directly to the 1989 revolution, which culminated in both Ceausescu and his wife being executed by firing squad, the reluctance in Athens to imitate Romania in the 1980s is probably not surprising.
There is an enormous economic cost, not to mention social and perhaps political, to any delay in reducing Greece’s debt overhang which imposes rising financial distress costs and increasingly deep distortions in the institutional structure of the economy over time. And the longer it takes to resolve, the greater the cost.
...Dragging out the restructuring process will impose far greater long-term costs on the Greek people than they think. While it is usually pretty easy to guess what the ultimate deal will look like within the first few days of negotiation, it still takes years of bitter arguiments before getting there. "
We are indeed living in dangerous times.
Mariana Abrantes Sousa
PPP Lusofonia
Better read the full article and comments!
Pettis' original article http://blog.mpettis.com/2015/02/syriza-and-the-french-indemnity-of-1871-73/
FT Alphaville comments http://ftalphaville.ft.com/2015/02/06/2113951/michael-pettis-explains-the-euro-crisis-and-a-lot-of-other-things-too/#respond
Any article that starts a discussion of the Eurozone crisis by quoting Kindleberger should be not just read, but studied. A little economic history goes a long way to help understand the limited options to solve the current credit crisis.
Michael Pettis even points to the dangers of lack of a solid academic grounding in international finance:
" I worry about the terrifyingly low level of sophistication among policymakers and the economists who advise them, when it comes to understanding balance sheet dynamics and debt restructuring."
These worries are shared by many of the commentators, who generally understand the danger of accumulating unsustainables imbalances, Here are some excerpts:
" Syriza’s victory in Greece has reignited the name-calling and moralizing that has characterized much of the discussion on peripheral Europe’s unsustainable debt burden. It is pretty clear, and obvious to almost everyone, that Greece simply cannot repay its external obligations, and one way or another it is going to receive substantial debt forgiveness. German newspaper Zeit‘s interview with Yanis Varoufakis was entitled “I’m the Finance Minister of a Bankrupt Country”.
"Even if the question of who is to “blame”, Greece or Germany, were an important one, the answer would not change the debt dynamics. It would take the equivalent of Ceausescu’s brutal austerity policies in Romania, which were imposed during the 1980s in order for the country fully to repay its external debt, in order to resolve the Greek debt burden without a write-down. Given that Ceausescu’s policies led directly to the 1989 revolution, which culminated in both Ceausescu and his wife being executed by firing squad, the reluctance in Athens to imitate Romania in the 1980s is probably not surprising.
There is an enormous economic cost, not to mention social and perhaps political, to any delay in reducing Greece’s debt overhang which imposes rising financial distress costs and increasingly deep distortions in the institutional structure of the economy over time. And the longer it takes to resolve, the greater the cost.
...Dragging out the restructuring process will impose far greater long-term costs on the Greek people than they think. While it is usually pretty easy to guess what the ultimate deal will look like within the first few days of negotiation, it still takes years of bitter arguiments before getting there. "
We are indeed living in dangerous times.
Mariana Abrantes Sousa
PPP Lusofonia
Better read the full article and comments!
Pettis' original article http://blog.mpettis.com/2015/02/syriza-and-the-french-indemnity-of-1871-73/
FT Alphaville comments http://ftalphaville.ft.com/2015/02/06/2113951/michael-pettis-explains-the-euro-crisis-and-a-lot-of-other-things-too/#respond
Pettis sobre os desequilíbrios
de pagamentos e crises internacionais recorrentes
Qualquer artigo que começa a
discussão da crise da Eurozone, citando Kindleberger não deve ser apenas lido,
mas estudado. Um pouco de história econômica ajuda muito a compreender as
opções limitadas para resolver a atual crise de endividamento.
Michael Pettis aponta mesmo para
os perigos da falta fundamentos sólidos académicos em finanças internacionais:
"Preocupo-me com a sofisticação assustadoramente
baixa entre os decisores políticos e os
economistas que os aconselham, quando se trata de compreender a dinâmica do
balanço de pagamentos da dívida externa."
Estas preocupações são
partilhadas por muitos comentadores, no que respeito ao perigo de acumular desequilíbrios
insustentáveis. Eis alguns
excertos:
"A vitória de Syriza na
Grécia reacendeu os insultos e moralizações que têm caracterizado grande parte
da discussão sobre o endividamento insustentável da Europa periférica. É muito
claro para quase todos, que a Grécia simplesmente não pode pagar as suas divida
externa, e uma maneira ou outra, ele vai ter de receber um perdão substancial da dívida. A entrevista de Yanis
Varoufakis num jornal alemão Zeit levava
o título "eu sou o ministro das Finanças de um
país falido".
"Mesmo se a questão da culpa fosse importante, a resposta não mudaria a dinâmica
da dívida. Seria necessário o
equivalente a políticas de austeridade brutais de Ceausescu na Romênia, que
foram impostas durante os anos 1980 para que o país poder pagar totalmente a sua
dívida externa, poder poder reduzir a dívida grega, sem um write-down. Tendo em
conta que as políticas de Ceausescu levaram diretamente à revolução de 1989,
que culminou com o fuzilamento de Ceausescu e sua mulher que está sendo executado por um pelotão de, o
relutância em Atenas para imitar a Roménia na década de 1980 provavelmente não
é surpreendente.”
Há um enorme custo
econômico, para não mencionar social e talvez político, do excesso de dívida da
Grécia que impõe aumento dos custos de dificuldades financeiras e distorções
cada vez mais profundas na estrutura institucional da economia ao longo do
tempo. E quanto mais tempo demora para resolver, maior o custo.
... O arrastamento do
processo de reestruturação vai impor custos muito maiores a longo prazo sobre o
povo grego do que eles pensam. Embora seja geralmente muito fácil de adivinhar as
condições do acordo final logo nos primeiros dias de negociação, temos muitos
anos amargos antes de lá chegar.
Estamos realmente vivendo em
tempos perigosos.
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